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TURKISH LANGUAGE
Turkish is the native tongue of 90 percent of the
population in Turkey. Turks had used numerous written tongues since
8th century but the most common alphabets used by the Turks are the
Kök Turk, Uygur, Arabic and Latin alphabets.
After the declaration of republic and the completion of the national
unification, especially between 1923-1928 years, the problem of the
alphabet is discussed and debated. In order to carry the new Turkish
Republic to the modern civilization level, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk,
the founder of the Republic had believed to use the Western Culture
and Civilization and therefore with this aim Latin letters which are
rearranged in a manner that they are convenient to the vocal
structure of the Turkish language are accepted instead of the Arabic
alphabet which was currently in use in 1928.
The Historic development of Turkish Language as a written tongue:
Ancient Turkish (VI - X Century) : The language used in Uygur tongue
written documents with the Orhon and Yenisey Inscriptions.
Intermediate Turkish (XI - XV Century) : This language certifies the
period between the first Islamic written document and completion of
the formation of the new written Turkish dialects. (Anatolian
Turkish - Azerbaijani Turkish - Turkoman Turkish)
New Turkish (XV - XX Century) : (Uzbek language - Kipchak Language)
In Anatolia, a written language called Ottoman language which was
developed from Oğuz language was used during this period.
Modern Turkish (XX Century) : The modern Turkish includes the
Turkish dialects used in various locations all around the world in
XX. Century. In this century, Turkey Turkish language is used in
Anatolia.
Turkish is located among the ending languages in the world tongue
classification. The root of the words are not altered while the word
structure and declination. The declinations and building of the
words are executed by the affixes. The order of the words and
affixes are as "root + building affix + declination affix" .
There are 29 letters in Turkish language in the Republic period
Latin letters. ç,ğ,ı,ö,ş letters are peculiar only to Turkish
alphabet.
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